Clinicopathological Pattern of Gynecological Malignancies at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Abstract

Objective: To view current clinicopathological pattern of gynecological malignancies at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi.

Methods: This is a retrospective research performed in the department of obstetrics and gynecology unit 1 from January 2020 to December 2021. All cases of gynecological malignancies irrespective of age, race and cast were included for study. Around 164 cases with clinical or radiological diagnosis of malignancy were admitted for gynecological malignancy work up. Out of them 42 were confirmed on histopathology of biopsy or resected specimen. Patients with gestational trophoblastic disease and metastatic malignancies from another primary site were excluded. Data of these confirmed 42 cases fulfilling exclusion and inclusion criteria was included for study. Relevant data on pre-designed Performa was tabulated and histopathology according to WHO histological classification system.

Results: Out of 164 cases of suspected gynecological malignancy 42 histopathological confirmed cases were selected for study. Frequency of gynecological malignancies out of 885 gynecological ad- mission is 4.7%. Ovarian cancers were commonest gynecological malignancy (54.7%), followed by cervical cancer (19.04%), uterine cancer (16.66%), and vulvar /vaginal cancers (9.5%). In ovarian can- cers epithelial cancers were (86.9%) and (13.04%) were non-epithelial. In epithelial (65%) serous, (15%) mucinous and (20%) were other less common types. In non-epithelial were dysgerminoma (66.66%) and (33.33) sex cord stromal cancers. In cervical (100%) were squamous cell carcinoma. In uterine (85.7%) were adenocarcinoma and (14.28%) were leiomyosarcoma. In vaginal cancers (50%) squamous cell carcinoma and (50%) was melanoma. In vulvar cancers all (100%) were squamous cell carcinoma.

Conclusion: Ovarian cancer is commonest gynecological malignancy in our study. Common age group, parity, clinical presentation and histopathology is comparable with studies. Majority of cases came late in advanced stage of disease.