| ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT BACTERIAL PATHOGENS RECOVERS FROM CHILDREN IN KARACHI
1RIZWANA YASMIN, 1KARAM ALI MIRJAT, 2FARRUKH HAZIM,
2M. SABIR, 2RAZIUDDIN A.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The
study was aimed at determining the prevalence and susceptibility
of antibiotics commonly prescribed in URTIs Streptococcus pyogens,
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae
and Morexella catarhlis, isolated from children with community acquired
URTI.
Material & Methods: This project was designed to
investigate antimicrobial susceptibility of respiratory tract pathogens
isolated from children in Govt schools & Hospital, and to contribute
to the rational choice of antibiotics for respiratory tract infections
in children. Total, 600 children age 5- 15 years who had URTI selected
from Korangi, Orangi and Liary Govt schools and children attending
the OPD of Jinna Hospital and NICH Karachi between June2009 – June
2010. URTI, prevalence of respiratory pathogens and the antibiotic
susceptibility patterns of isolates.
Results: Of the 600 samples analyzed, 150 (25%)
had positive cultures. The bacteria isolated from the samples included
S.pyogenes 48(32%), S pneumoniae 41(27.33%), S aureus 25(16.67%),
H.influenzae 20 (13.33%), M.catarrhalis 16(10.67%) The sensitivity
profiles observed in gram positive S.pneumoniae pathogens with amoxycillin
34(83%), penicillin 27(65.9%), ampicillin 27(65.9%), erythromycin
34(83%), clarithromycin 34(83%) cefuroxime 41(100%), ceftriaxon
41(100%), tetracycline 34(83%) and vancomycin 41(100%). 100% sensitivity
was observed against S. aureus & S pyogenes isolates with all the
above antibiotics. The sensitivity pattern with gram negative H.influenzae
isolates observed were 12(60%) with penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin,
clarithromycin and tetracycline, 16 (80%) with amoxicillin, cefuroxime
and ceftriaxon and M.catarrhalis isolates were 16(100%) Amoxycillin
+ clavulanate, Penicillin sensitivity 16 (100%) 12 (75%), resistance,
4 (25%), Ampicillin sensitivity 12 (75%), %), resistance ,4 (25%).
Sensitivity with Erythromycin, Ceftriaxone, clarithro-mycin and
tetracycline about 16 (100%), was observed. For ß lactamase detection
commercially available Nitrocefin test kit was used for resistance
pathogens about, 8 (40%) isolates of H influenzae out of 20 isolates
and 4 (25%) M catarrhalis out of 16 isolates were ß lactamase positive.
Conclusions: The resistance to penicillin, erythromycin
was observed in Strep. Pneumoniae, H.influenzae. Majority of the
isolates were susceptible to Ceftriaxone & Amoxycillin + clavulanate.
Key words: Community acquired URTI, antibiotic
susceptibility, ß lactamase positive
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